My Grandfather's (Sort Of) Secret Past - Part 4

This post concludes, for now, anyway, my research into the sort of secret past of my grandfather, George Johnson King (1864 - 1923). As much as I might have been apprehensive about uncovering some evidence of dysfunctional family drama, no extraordinary discoveries or dark and sinister revelations were forthcoming. Therefore, this post will not be titled, The Sins Of My Grandfather!  Neither is there conclusive evidence to reveal the nature of my father's relationship with his father. Nevertheless, I think I can make an educated guess to explain some events in their lives that have puzzled me. Specifically,  why did my father leave his home and his parents in Yalaha, Florida, move in with his sister Nellie and her family in Lakeland, Florida, and attend high school in Lakeland?  And why did my sister and I have the impression  that our father was 12 years old when his father passed away when, in fact, he was 18?  Was our father hiding something from us?  Was there some secret about George Johnson King he didn't want us to know?

                                                    DARK THEORIES ARISE

 I confess, as much as I tried to keep an open mind about what might be the answers to these questions, I had a few dark assumptions lingering in the back of my mind. First was my suspicion that my grandfather might have been an alcoholic, and as such would have made the lives of other family members uncomfortable at best and perhaps even physically threatening to his wife and my father. Part of my thinking in this scenario grew from the fact that my father strictly banned the use of  alcohol in our home. My father was a declared teetotaler. He abstained from alcohol completely.  There was no alcohol served in our home. There was no alcohol stored in our home save for some cooking wine my mother kept in the pantry. As a child when I inquired about this strict prohibition in our house I was told that my parents, specifically my father,  "just didn't like the way people acted when they drank."  I guess I've always thought that my father's aversion to alcohol originated from his career as a clergyman observing and dealing with families in his church struggling with alcohol problems. Add to that the fact that my father was reared a Southern Baptist, where alcohol in the home was forbidden, and I had a pretty logical theory drawn up in my mind as to why my father was such a strong advocate against alcohol use. So when the puzzle of our father leaving home at around the age of 15 coupled with the discovery that his father died when his son was 18 years old, not 12, an unexplained gap of our father's history, my suspicions grew that perhaps George Johnson King was an alcoholic and Charles George King relocated 80 miles away to a sibling's home simply to escape from a family made dysfunctional by alcohol abuse.  And at the same time I thought,  who knows, maybe that was why our father reversed his first and middle names...to disassociate himself from sharing the same name as an alcoholic father?

                                           DARK  THEORIES SHOT DOWN


There is evidence suggesting that alcohol was not an issue for George Johnson King. His death certificate lists the cause of death as "acute enteritis."  Although alcohol might aggravate enteritis it is unlikely to have been the cause of my grandfather's acquiring the affliction. Enteritis is an inflammation of the small intestine. Its cause is normally eating or drinking substances that are contaminated with bacteria or viruses.

If George Johnson King was drinking bath tub gin then I suppose an argument could be made that alcohol might have been a causative factor but I think it would really be a stretch to make that conclusion. I'm thinking it's more likely that he might have consumed a fair amount of citrus juices since he owned and managed a citrus grove. Because the typical small citrus grove business would have focused on fruit growing, gathering, packing, and distributing,  I don't see any reason why there would have been any extraordinary measures taken in the1920's to filter or process juice for local consumption.  Why would they? If you can pick an orange or a guava off a tree in your back yard there's not much effort required to cut the fruit open, squeeze some fresh juice into a glass, and consume a refreshing beverage! Seems to me that would have been a real easy way for bacteria to get into your system. And who knows how clean the glass was before juice was added?  Along with juice purification it should be added that water supplies in Yalaha were from wells. Who's to say a poorly located outhouse couldn't contaminate anyone's well water? Thus, there were plenty of ways for bacteria to have caused his enteritis. But another possibility is that my grandfather may have had an autoimmune condition such as Crohn's disease. I mention this because there is a history of Crohn's disease in at least one of George King's descendants.  It is much more likely that one or more of these factors caused him to suffer from enteritis, much more so than an abuse of alcohol.  Moreover, the doctor listing the cause of death indicated the duration of his patient's struggle with inflammation of his lower intestine was only 12 days. I say "only" because if alcohol had been involved I presume there would have been years of abuse involved rather than days. Unfortunately, for George Johnson King, "only" suffering for 12 days was probably like an agonizing eternity. There were few remedies of real value in 1923 and no antibiotics to cure his condition or even to ease his suffering. One last comment about alcohol I want to mention is that there were no probate records on George Johnson King in the Records Division of Lake County. So if he went on a drunken joy ride in some body's horseless carriage or if he ended up in the clinks in Tavares or Leesburg for public intoxication, he must have gotten away with it because there are no records of his being cited for any problems with the law. Nor were any articles observed in my review of copies of the local newspaper, The Leesburg Commercial, to indicate George violated any laws or disturbed anybody's peace in Yalaha. That said, the paper seemed to concentrate on "good news" and social doings of the local citizenry more than anything else (excepting Negroe crimes) and without names and categories being indexed, my review of the paper was simply a hurried scrolling review of microfilm.

                                                  WHAT'S IN A NAME

As for our father's name change wherein he reversed the order of his first and middle names to create Charles George King as his official name instead of George Charles King, I still don't know if any steps were taken to legally change his name. If so I would guess it might have been coordinated by his oldest sister, Carol, who worked in a law office in Orlando for many years. It could just as easily have been the case that there were no official steps taken and he just started considering himself a Charles rather than a George. His parents obviously named him George Charles King. He was recorded on the 1910 and 1920 Federal Census records in Yalaha as "Geo C. (King)." Since George Johnson King was the census enumerator for both of those years I have always assumed he thought of his son as George. But that doesn't mean he called his son George. I suspect from the time he was a boy, my father was tagged by family members and friends as "Charles." Every photograph taken of my father in Florida from 1905 to 1928 and when someone was kind enough to identify the subjects (I believe his sister, Nellie, was the identifier on most) refers to him as Charles. And the final proof that everyone called my father Charles comes from his cousin, Elgie, who was a bit of a historian about Yalaha wherein she cited an article in The Leesburg Commercial dated 1927 where my father's participation in a flag raising program at his school recorded him as "Charles King."  He was twelve years old at the time.

Elgie's research - Nov 1953

 If the October 26, 1917 edition of The Leesburg Commercial was on that microfilm roll I scrolled through a week or so ago I sure missed it. But even second hand transcription is good enough for me. I think my father was always referred to as Charles. Whether or not he ever officially changed his name I just don't know. Elgie Henry who wrote this article about the school house in Yalaha apparently wrote this history in 1953 according to the hand written notes at the bottom of the page. Born in Michigan in 1883, Elgie moved to Yalaha somewhere around the time that her cousin, Charles King, moved out. In 1920 she was listed as residing in the Yalaha home of her mother, Elizabeth, who had inherited the home of her father, William Sweet, my father's paternal grandfather (and George Johnson King's father in law/business partner in The Sweet King "Three Pines" Grove.)  So my ancestors had a pretty good lock on ruling old Yalaha. Elgie stayed and died in Yalaha in 1970 at the age of 86.                                      



                                             SOLVING THE PUZZLE (Sort Of)


The only question still up in the air is when did my father leave Yalaha? My guess is that it was in 1920. I base that first on the Orlando 1920 Federal Census that listed him residing with his oldest sister, Carol, and her husband, Stephen White. And second, I have Lakeland High School yearbook evidence that he attended school there for his sophomore through senior year and graduated in 1924. I'm missing documentation of where he might have attended school for his high school freshman year, school year 1920 - 1921 but I don't think he stayed in Yalaha.  If he had remained there and attended high school he would have gone to Leesburg High School. Thinking it more likely he went to Lakeland High I sent a request to Polk County School Records with a formal request for Charles King's student records, including a copy of my birth certificate per their instructions. But recently the county called me to advise they also need my father's death certificate before they can release any info. So that inquiry is still in the works. If I can verify his whereabouts for his freshman year of high school in either Orlando or Lakeland I think I can pin down his departure from Yalaha. If Orlando, he would have been living in the home of his sister Carol. If Lakeland, he would have been living with his other sister, Nellie.  Until further evidence comes in, I'm guessing Lakeland. Thanks to Elgie's research contributing the fact that the Yalaha school house only taught students through the 8th grade, we can be pretty sure he would have moved on to a high school somewhere.Regardless of when our father left Yalaha, it probably doesn't contribute in any significant way as to why. And in a word, I think the answer to our father's departure from Yalaha was...

                                                           ECONOMICS !


Upon his death in 1923, George Johnson King, "General Dealer" of the SWEET KING "THREE PINES' GROVE left his heirs a bank account with a balance of $14.27.  I'm not qualified to judge the competency of my grandfather's business acumen. But for whatever reasons, I don't think the citrus grove with his name and his wife's maiden name on it was a very prosperous enterprise. Not in the last few years of his life, anyway. He and his wife could read and write according to the census records but I don't know the extent of their educations. Regardless, their family appears to have had a vested interest in their children's educations with Carol becoming a stenographer in a law office and Nellie attending business college in Jacksonville and working as a secretary for various firms in Lakeland. Eventually the sisters' young brother Charles graduated from high school and college in Lakeland and continued his studies at the graduate level at Yale Divinity. It appears to me there was a healthy desire for education in George Johnson King's home. But I don't believe his father could have funded Charles' education from citrus grove earnings.  I do think he was assisted, if not fully supported in his education expenses by his sister Nellie's husband.  In 1915 Nellie had married Alonzo "Lonnie" Wright who had started a career at 16 years of age as a bicycle delivery boy for a Lakeland grocery store. In 1913 when he was 22 years old Lonnie was made manager of the grocery store and in 1920 he took over ownership. I think Charles King must have shown some promise as a student early on in his life and recognizing this, his family encouraged his moving to his sister's home where the economic situation made pursuing his education a whole lot more doable. I know he was not idle in Lakeland for he was expected to contribute to Nellie's family by baby sitting her three children as well as working in Lonnie's store. Charles King always spoke highly of our "Uncle Lonnie" and I'm sure his admiration of his brother in law was not only respect for his business success but also gratitude for his generosity.

Charles King (in center, wearing glasses) in Lonnie's grocery store

 
                                                    NO SECRET AFTER ALL
                           
My conclusion is that George Johnson King's (Sort Of) secret past was really no secret at all. My curiosity and suspicions were probably just my imagination trying to fill the informational blank spaces that are unavoidable when researching events that took place a hundred years ago. Assuming he was like the rest of us, stumbling along as best we can in this world,  he very well may have had a secret or two that he chose not to share. Or if he did share secrets with someone, he chose that someone wisely because it appears any secrets he may have had have remained under wraps for posterity. I've uncovered some interesting information on George Johnson King (interesting to me, anyway) in my search of his sort of secret past and if I came up short on finding anything scandalous or intriguing then so be it. I've enjoyed looking back on small bits and pieces of his life and my father's life. My research has made it obvious to me that despite any secrets or shortcomings of any kind that George Johnson King may have had, he did one thing right...he raised three industrious and compassionate children including one heck of a great son. That's something anyone should be proud of and I just hope in the short span of his 59 years of life he understood what a good job he had done.

My Grandfather's (Sort Of) Secret Past - Part 3

The Sort Of Secret Past theme revolves around unanswered questions about when and why my father left his home in Yalaha, Florida somewhere around 1920 to live with a sister in Lakeland. My sister and I had the impression that our father's father, George Johnson King, had passed away when our father was around twelve years of age. Long after our father's death in 1971, however, we became aware that George Johnson King had passed away when his son was eighteen years old.  Moreover, our father had lived away from his parents and his birth town of Yalaha (originally called Bloomfield) for at least three years prior to his father's death and possibly longer. I realize this is an earth shattering news breaking mystery suitable for NBC's DATELINE, especially when combined with our impression that our father just didn't tell us much about George Johnson King, almost as if there were secrets about his father he didn't want revealed. So all together, the information we do have combined with the information we don't have has created an intriguing puzzle. I've been working on solving this puzzle for some time now but haven't come up with any definite conclusions.

                                                        ROAD TRIP

Last week my wife and I had the opportunity to get away from the house for a day so we travelled up to Florida's Lake County to revisit Yalaha and use some of that county's historical resources to help solve the puzzle. Lake County has a records division in the county seat, the city of Tavares. They have records dating from 1887 on microfilm including land deeds, probate records, and tons of other documents, enough to make a genealogist, albeit an amateur genealogist like me drool!  With the assistance of a very cordial and helpful staff we were able to gather and photocopy 15 pages of documents pertaining to George Johnson King; specifically his will and all of the correspondence and notarized documents required for his widow, Agnes Ellen (Sweet) King to be legally established as the executrix of her late husband's estate. Agnes was "assisted" in all this by her oldest daughter, Carol Elizabeth (King) White, who had developed a thorough knowledge of legal matters in her employment in a lawyer's office in Orlando. She also served as a Florida Notary Public so was able to assist her mother in that regard as well on the numerous documents requiring notarization.

                             

I previously had obtained records of land purchases made by George Johnson King as well as his father in law, William Sweet, father of our grandmother, Agnes (Sweet) King. A few of the land purchases by William Sweet were subsequently resold to his two daughters, Elizabeth (Sweet) Henry and my grandmother,  Agnes King for $1, even after Agnes had married George (they married in 1890). I can't think of why that would be unless possibly William didn't like his son in law?  Who knows? Maybe I'm reaching too far for conspiracy-type answers to the puzzle but it does seem kind of strange. Then again, maybe it was some kind of legal thing or family tradition. William and George must have gotten along with each other at least a little because George became the manager of The Sweet King "Three Pines" Grove with the title of General Dealer on their letter head stationary. Together, William and George had purchased well over 100 acres of land in Bloomfield between 1888 and 1915 with small portions utilized for homes while the remainder  (I assume) was the grove where "Guavas a Specialty" were grown.

This photocopy appears to be an order form

                                               

I don't know when the Sweet King Grove enterprise started up but estimate around the early 1900's. One of my father's sisters, Nellie (King) Wright had indicated that her father had opened a general store in Bloomfield but after an unspecified period of time the business failed because George Johnson King "extended credit too freely." George's first recorded land purchases in Bloomfield were in 1905 even though he arrived in Bloomfield in 1885.  William Sweet, on the other hand (and who, by the way, had operated a successful general store business in Michigan) came to Bloomfield in 1888 and started purchasing land right away. William is listed as a "farmer" on the 1900 and 1910 Federal Census records while George is listed in 1900 with the occupation of "mail carrier" and in 1910 as "general farmer." In 1920 George listed his occupation as "farmer" on a fruit farm and listed himself as the "employer" of the business (as opposed to worker or working on account). William Sweet died in 1918 so if indeed, The Sweet King Grove was a joint venture, George appears to have assumed the position of head cheese, on paper at least.  But five years following his father in law's death, George Johnson King died.  I can only guess at his business acumen in the fruit farm realm but as his daughter Carol noted in her letter to a Lake County judge handling George King's estate, "my father left no cash on hand to speak of."  Actually, that was not true. George Johnson King left a cash account in the First National Bank of Leesburg, Fl with funds totaling $14.27. So I guess I'd have to agree with my Aunt Carol's assessment of "no cash to speak of."  In a will drawn up in 1920 George left his estate to his widow. In addition to the bank funds, the estate consisted of land that Agnes King subsequently sold off in the 1920's mostly to large citrus grove conglomerates. So after his death, The Sweet King "Three Pines" Groves offering "Choice Florida Fruits" and where "Guavas (were) A Specialty" was pretty much swallowed up by the big growers. Our search at the Lake County Records Division included a search for any probate records. I had assumed any legal matters with the business would have been there but there was nothing listed under the names of George, William, Agnes, or the citrus farm names, Sweet King and Three Pines Groves.

Right after our search in Tavares my wife and I headed over to the public library in Leesburg, about 10 miles West of the Records Division office. We had been told by more than one source that of the twenty or so libraries in Lake County, the Leesburg and Clermont branches had the best genealogy sections. Leesburg was closest so that's where we went. I concentrated my search on the microfilm files of the local newspaper, the Leesburg Commercial. They only had one roll of film covering editions from the 1880's up to 1927. From thereon out the microfilm collection was extensive but too late for the time period of my search; from the time George Johnson King arrived in Bloomfield, 1885, to his death in 1923. The one roll I was able to view was pretty spotty with some years including only a few editions and other years nothing at all.  I started targeting dates of death for George Johnson King and William Sweet but there were no copies of editions published those days. I was able to pull up pages a few weeks to a month from their death dates but no mentioning of either came up. The newspaper did not appear to have a general obituary section.  Rather, the only death notices I observed were either for prominent state or national citizens or, locally, victims of crimes. Frequently I saw articles about "Negro" crimes and punishments. These served as a reminder to me that up until the 1960's and 1970's, Florida and Lake County in particular were hot beds of extreme racial hatred and violence perpetuated by Jim Crow tactics to keep "Negroes and other undesirables" in their place.  It makes me wonder if my ancestors might have been more than casual bystanders in racial hatred.  I sure hope not. But somebody had to pick the choice Florida fruits off the citrus trees in my grandfather's citrus groves and more than likely it was cheap black labor. Anyway, another theme I noticed in the Leesburg Commercial was frequent articles on agriculture education, especially pertaining to citrus. Articles describing agriculture diseases and remedies and techniques for productive fruit farming were sometimes even the headlines and front page news. And as predominant as the articles were, advertisements by vendors who could provide the fertilizers and tools necessary to operate a successful farming business were posted on almost every page of the Leesburg Commercial. Agriculture was big news and of big importance in Lake County, Florida.   But, again, I found nothing directly mentioning my grandfather nor his father in law. Except this:



The Leesburg Commercial, Friday March 13, 1896

This poor quality edition published in 1896 seems to be a complimentary description of George J. King and is largely illegible but I was able to find it in a section of the paper listing short blurbs about local businesses. As best as I can decipher it says,

"Geo J. King, one of Bloomfield's stirring and progressive citizens, - - - - - on business Tuesday."

That's the best I can make of it and I'm not sure of the accuracy. The rectangular dark spots appear to be scotch tape type repairs to torn newsprint that might have been a good idea at the time but were not compatible with microfilming.

The microfilm records of the newspaper are not indexed in any way so unless you have a specific date in mind when you're searching and if the paper was kind enough to write about your object of interest, the only thing you can do is scroll through and hope your eyes catch something. The only other thing I found of interest was a 1913 section on Bloomfield that listed two items of interest.



The Leesburg Commercial, August 8, 1913



Much more legible, these stated:

"Miss Carol E. King of legal fame, of Orlando, is home on a vacation."

                       and

"Mrs Geo. King and daughter, visited the merchants of Leesburg Wednesday."

I'm not sure what the "legal fame" comment is about on Carol King but I have no doubt it pertains to George and Agnes King's oldest daughter, Carol Elizabeth King, born in 1891 in Bloomfield. Her sister, Nellie Irene King, born in 1894 wrote an autobiography that included the statement, "In July of 1911 I came to Lakeland, Florida, where my sister, Carol Elizabeth King had preceded me by several months."  Nellie ended up living the remainder of her life in Lakeland and raised a family there. Carol ended up living in Orlando with her husband, perhaps as early as 1913 the year of the article but at least by her 1920 listing on the Federal Census. On both the 1920 and 1930 Federal Census records Carol's occupation is listed as "stenographer in law office" so I guess that's why the newspaper cited her for possessing "legal fame."  Nellie married in 1915 and Carol married in 1917. So the daughter who "visited the merchants of Leesburg" with her mother in 1913 could have been either one of two girls.

No road trip to a records office and a genealogy section of the library would be complete without looking at the land our ancestors walked on. From Leesburg we drove South on US 27 and cut over the short distance to Yalaha. We drove up and down a few times on Bloomfield Avenue which was the main drag through town when my ancestors lived there and now one of three main drags running North and South through the area. Most of the East and West connecting roads that linked Bloomfield Ave to the other two, Yalaha Road and Guava Street,  have disappeared into wild vegetation and farm land. My Aunt Nellie, the younger of my father's two sisters has been my inspiration to get involved with genealogy. In 1973 she wrote her autobiography in about a 7 page outline of her parent's ancestors and her husband's as well. And she left the awesome gift of a hand drawn map and narrative of her memories of the houses in Bloomfield.

The "start/end" dotted lines and numbers are my description of searches I have made in the past on separate occasions with my wife, my son, and my daughter. Aunt Nellie had written in 1973 that the home of William Sweet was still standing but not livable. Highlighted in yellow (by me) on Nellie's map, we have never been able to find any remnants of William Sweet's home nor any other structures that would have belonged to my ancestors. There are some homes along Bloomfield Avenue but all probably built in the last 50 or 60 years or later. Behind most of the Bloomfield Avenue homes, roughly within the rectangle designated by points 1, 2, 6, and 4 there is dense vegetation and older trees which I have been advised is prime territory for rattlesnakes. I have not and will not be strolling anytime soon through this territory, no matter how strong the urge to walk where my ancestors walked.

Our last stop of the day before heading home was at the Yalaha Bloomfield Cemetery located on Guava Street, two blocks East of Bloomfield Avenue. To check the condition of the cemetery grounds and pay our respects to my grandparents, George and Agnes King, my great grandparents, William and Agnes Sweet, and my grand aunt Elizabeth (Sweet) Henry. Also buried in the same plot are Elizabeth's daughter Elgie and Elgie's daughter in law, Ruby. Elizabeth, Elgie, and Ruby all had the same luck in their marriages, as in not much luck at all so their ex-husbands are buried elsewhere in parts unknown. So basically William Sweet and his wife, Agnes (Montgomery) Sweet are buried with their two daughters and extended family.

I anticipate wrapping up this saga of my grandfather's sort of secret past in my next posting, which will be the same title, Part 4. My search goes on but I need to draw some conclusions about the "secret" and get on with it. I will never be able to conclusively prove anything resembling a skeleton in my grandfather's or my father's closets but I am beginning to formulate a picture in my mind of what transpired when my father left home to attend school away from his father. My search always goes on but I'll try to recap my conclusions on the matter in Part 4. Soon, I hope.

                                                                       

Quick Search

Took a quick ride over to Lakeland Sunday afternoon to visit the grave sites of some of my ancestors. My father's sister, Nellie, is buried next to her husband in a plot with enough room for five burials. Both of Nellie's sons are in the same section and the one son that was married has his wife buried next to him to round out the total of five. Nellie, her husband, and their oldest son all lived long lives and passed away in their 80's. The other son died at the age of 67.  In the same cemetery with Nellie but in different sections are grave sites for her husband's mother and a number of his siblings and half siblings.  And finally in this cemetery there is a lone grave marker for one of Nellie's grandchildren.

Up the road about 3 miles from the cemetery where Nellie and the others are interred is the cemetery where Nellie's daughter is buried. She just passed away last year at the age of 95.  A beautiful and gracious lady (just like her mother), Bernice Chiselbrook was kind enough to share some stories of my ancestors in the last couple years of her life. I plan to use some of her comments in the other blog I'm working on about the sort of secret past of my grandfather.

In addition to Bernice's husband in the other cemetery is one of their daughters, Carol Jean, who tragically died in a car accident at the age of 42.  I like to visit cemeteries to pay my respects to those who have gone on before us. Not in a ghoulish way but simply to visit and remember (as well as generate genealogical info on those relatives I may have never met). Seems to me that if someone goes to the trouble of having their remains marked in stone with critical information about their lives, then those of us left behind should visit from time to time just to honor their memories and say a few words. Don't know if anybody can hear me but it makes me feel better. And makes me feel a little bit like I'm being responsible in some way when I pray they'll all rest in peace.

My Grandfather's (Sort Of) Secret Past - Part 2

No skeletons found in the closets I've searched so far but you never know...one could pop up anytime, anywhere, anyhow. That doesn't mean I expect to discover anything astonishing.  And expectations can be a hindrance to good research so I try to keep intriguing speculation in the far resources of my brain and just gather as much evidence data as I can. Once I think I've accumulated as much info as I can, then that will be the time to put on my private investigator hat.

So that's pretty much what I've been doing.  Gathering facts.  Avoiding making conclusions. And hoping that all the information I can find will turn "sort of secret past" into one of those mundane and ho-hum revelations that show my father did not hold back secrets from me about his father and, moreover, my grandfather had no secrets to hide. Not big ugly ones anyway. I don't care if he skipped a church service now and then or smoked a cigar behind the outhouse. On the other hand, if my research discovers he was an ax murderer or something, I would be shocked and disappointed but I sure want to know about it.

My search has gone forwards and backwards since I posted Part 1. By that I mean I searched through some records my sister gave me that included many of my father's sermons and some half-letter sized 3-ring binders with notes and essays from his days at Yale Divinity. To be honest I haven't dug through the sermons much other than just a few. With all due respect, I still find them boring. I loved my father but when I listened to the sermons he preached from the pulpit, they just about put me to sleep. In the few that I've gone through recently I was hoping to catch a glimpse of some of his personal thoughts that might shed some light on his personal history. No such luck. Other than to solidify my opinion that he was an intellectual giant despite a short physical stature. The binders from Yale support that description as well. Here's one page of his notes that would have been written around 1930.

Sometimes I look at his notes like this and I wonder if he thought in outline order. The man was an organized and diligent student. There are probably thousands of pages in these notebooks, all noted on both sides and out of all of them I think I saw maybe one or two doodles! And not extravagant doodles, either. I don't think his mind wandered one second away from whatever subject matter he was studying. I thought a couple of times I caught some real doodle examples that would prove he was human but, nope, they were diagrams of logical progressions that his instructors must have designed to clarify their teachings.  So while I'm looking at all this data, the question in my mind is where the heck did a 25 year old kid from East Podunk Florida come up with, one, the incentive to study religion, and, two, the ability to analyze and organize himself with so much scholastic discipline?  Did he get any of this from his father? 

Anyway, I found little data of a personal nature inside any of the notebooks. Not that he didn't have a life. There was a postcard from his mother that told him she enjoyed his visit home, apparently with a friend and around New Years 1930. And there was a 1929 class schedule card inside one of the notebooks. But not much else to shed light on anything personal that I could see.  But it's way too early to draw any conclusions about anything other than the data gathered to this point suggests he was a serious divinity student at Yale.

From Yale I backtracked to his undergraduate history at Florida Southern College. I had a photograph that had been noted on the back (I believe by one of his sisters), "Charles King, the graduate 1928" which I combined with a listing of 1928 graduates of the college. So I know he attended college there and graduated but when I asked the school if I could request a copy of his transcripts I was told they would not release school records to anyone other than the student. Catch 22 if the student is no longer alive! I hope they don't have a genealogy department at the school. Or if they do I wonder if the department head could explain to the registrar's office that genealogical research, or at least good genealogical research depends on documentation. What do they think I'm going to do, steal the identity of a graduate who by now would be 107 years old if he was alive?

But for the research I'm concentrating on here the transcripts probably wouldn't shed much light. Possible but not likely. I'm actually more interested in my father's high school records because it's closer to the time period I'm looking at. The secret past angle to all this is why did our family have the impression that our father's father passed away when he was about 12 years old, when in reality we have discovered our father was 18 years old?  And why did our father attend high school in Lakeland, Florida 80 miles south of where his father resided in Yalaha?  Could be some very simple answers to all this but hopefully the research will provide some insight on the matter. And to that end I requested copies of transcripts and "any available records pertaining to my father's attendance at Lakeland High School" to the Polk County school board student record department. I called first and was told they would locate whatever they could find for a small fee and proof that I was the son of Charles King. I sent them a copy of my birth certificate and a check for the fee. I have subsequently heard from them that they also need a copy of my father's death certificate as (this sounds familiar) "they can only release to the student."  Unlike Florida Southern they at least indicated they could release the files to me if I provided them with a copy of my father's death certificate. So I have sent a request to the Florida State Office of Vital Statistics requesting a death certificate for my father. While I did that I sent another request for a death certificate for my grandfather as well. There is always the possibility that there is no certificate on file for my grandfather since the state acknowledges some records date back to the late 1800's but not all files were registered. We'll see.

My interest in the high school transcripts is not to discern his academic performance (although I'd be surprised if he was anything less than an "A" student).  I'm interested in finding information on when he attended Lakeland High School and, hopefully, what school he attended previous to Lakeland. I already know from Lakeland High School yearbooks that my father attended the school during the school year 1921-1922 and that he was in the graduating class of 1924.  One of my Florida cousins was kind enough to pass the yearbooks onto me for safekeeping. My father is the handsome guy pictured top right of this page of class of 1924 senior photographs.

I think it's pretty safe to assume at this point that his Junior year at Lakeland High School took place in the school year 1922-1923.  And hopefully the transcripts will verify this. But the big question that lends itself directly to my research into school records is this: where did my father attend school for his Freshman year of high school, the school year 1920-1921? And two Federal Census Reports recorded in 1920 lend themselves to the confusion. My father is listed in two places. Moreover, in two places with two different names! Tell me that doesn't cause the eyebrows to raise up a bit, as in "Oh, REALLY?"

On the 1920 Yalaha census (enumerator, Geo J King, no less)! recorded in January 1920, my father is listed as "Geo C." listed as son of the head of the household, "Geo J. King" directly under his mother, "Agnes E," listed as wife. The general procedure for census recording was to list head of household including surname first, with other family members with same surname listed by given name only. George J King's wife, Agnes, was listed next, followed by his 14 year old son, George C. (that was my father).

On the Orlando census recorded in February 1920 there is a listing for my father again. But this time he's listed as Charles G. White! The head of the household listed was Stephen Claude White. Next listed in the standard fashion of census records (that is, without surname) was wife, Carol King and brother in law, Charles G. So based on enumerator recording procedures this was the White family with head, wife, and brother in law. The brother in law part was correct; Stephen Claude White married my father's oldest sister, Carol Elizabeth King who apparently preferred her maiden name to be listed as her middle name. And Carol's younger brother was correctly listed as brother in law of the head of household. But at this point I don't know if the enumerator recorded my father under the White surname in error, in omission, or was he told to list it that way. I would imagine he would have concluded that brothers in law did not normally share the same surname but you never know. Enumerator errors are pretty common and not really surprising when you consider that most, perhaps all, census records were transcribed from notes taken at the original census interview. That seems obvious to me when I look at records that may have varying types of penmanship but are almost always uniformly recorded within the columns with few or no scratch outs or corrections. That's a lot of work for an enumerator to fill out 50 horizontal lines per page and 25 + vertical columns...no wonder they took advantage of listing the surname only once per family.  Must have prevented a lot of cramping fingers.

It's a little early to draw any conclusions from the two census records. I know enumerators were given instructions on how to account for residents they didn't actually see but recorded by testimony from whoever they interviewed. Sea captains, for instance, were generally listed as residents even though physically they might be sailing on the other side of the world. As long as they weren't known to be dead, they were listed as residents. I'm not suggesting there were too many sea captains in Yalaha and Orlando in 1920. My point is that an interpretation of "resident" might be different. Since my grandfather was the enumerator for Yalaha it may have been his interpretation that his son should be listed even if he was physically in Orlando. On the other hand, maybe his son belonged on the Yalaha census record and was just visiting Orlando.  In which case, the Orlando enumerator might have screwed up by listing a visitor as a resident.

Our family lore has it that my father and his mother both moved to Orlando to live with my father's oldest sister. Our impression was that this relocation was after George Johnson King's death. But the Orlando 1920 census hints that possibly our father moved in with his sister while his mother stayed home with her husband. Records after George J's death do show his widow living with the oldest daughter but I haven't found anything yet that would suggest mother and son relocated to Orlando together.  We also were aware that our father changed his given name from George Charles King to Charles George King because "he didn't like his given name."  So far I've been unable to secure documentation of a legal name change so I'm not sure how and when that came about. But the 1920 Orlando record seems to imply that the name change was already in the works.  An additional legend (maybe too strong a word?) we attached to our father was that his oldest sister was very domineering when it came to her young brother (she was 14 years older) perhaps in a loving way but much more suffocating than he wanted. And that was supposedly the reason why he moved to his other sisters home in Lakeland.  A few years younger than the overbearing Carol, our father's other sister, Nellie, offered him haven in more comfortable surroundings. And he could "help earn his keep" by babysitting for Nellie's young children. Carol King White never had children of her own but allegedly didn't hesitate to make sure her young brother, Charles, washed his hands before meals and went to the bathroom before travelling, even when her brother reached middle age and was raising his own family.

Another angle I'm looking at is to try to piece together George Johnson King's life from the time he arrived in Florida.  Nellie King had constructed some family research back in 1980 that indicated her father, born in Kentucky in 1864 had inherited monies from his father's estate (his father died before he was born)  when he turned 21 and came to Florida to start his adult life. So somewhere around 1885 might be when he arrived. I have found his 1890 marriage certificate from Lake County and I've found a few land deeds for land he purchased in Yalaha. I'm also gathering records for land purchases for his wife and his father in law, William Sweet. So far all I have is data that is too soon to start drawing any conclusions on. I plan to travel up to Lake County before too long and see what else I can find in the county records and newspapers (I hope) to reconstruct the history of George Johnson King's life in Yalaha. And to that end, my search goes on.  

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Here We Go Again

Finally getting through on the website for 1940 Federal Census. Not easy when it's not indexed by name but managed to pin down my parents who resided with my older sister and brother in West Springfield, Ma.

Also identified my wife's ancestors residing in the same town, showing my wife's grandparents living with their six children (including my wife's mother).

I've updated my Ancestry.com files for each of those listed on the two records, to include scanned copies of the Census forms themselves to support the entries for residence.

It was impossible to get through the first two days the 1940 Census records were available, apparently because of the volume of hits by amateur genealogists like me. I think I'll wait awhile before trying to update my files with any more. I've got a lot of other work I can do on my files including continuing my research into the "sort of secret life" of my paternal grandfather. Identifying census records is a whole lot easier when the information is indexed by name. So to that end, my search will continue but as far as the 1940 Census records search goes, it will be a little while.  Maybe a big little while.

My Grandfather's (Sort Of) Secret Past - Part 1

                                   PROLOGUE

I picked up a book at Costco last week that has me salivating with genealogy research envy. Martin Davidson, in The Perfect Nazi relates his research into the life of his maternal grandfather born in 1906 in Prussia. Davidson grew up in England but had relatives who remained in Germany that he visited from time to time. But prior to his grandfather's death those relatives were less than forthcoming about his grand dad's life history. After he died the relatives opened up a little.  Davidson also discovered that German record keeping during the rise of the Third Reich was meticulous as well as substantial and he was able to use public documents to pinpoint his grandfather's memberships in political parties and eventually into becoming an officer in the SS. The author was even able to locate his grandfather's original application to the SS which was a handwritten narrative describing his history of involvement with militaristic and nationalistic groups which he submitted to support his credentials. Davidson then

combines the documentation along with some family testimony with the history of Germany's transformation from defeat in World War I up and  through the rise and fall of the Third Reich. His research compiled a fascinating glimpse of how and why a German born in 1906 could so easily grow up to become a fanatical Nazi. Davidson does not excuse his grandfather...he just thoroughly examines his grandfather's life. Developing world and European events mixed with Germany's history of militarism and a 1920's infatuation with  violence created a perfect storm of circumstances to transform men like Davidson's grandfather into the thugs and brutes that typified those belonging to the Nazi party.

Davidson's inspiration to research his grandfather's past rose from growing up in a family that did not talk of World War II experiences. His grandfather's past was an unspoken mystery of which a child's inquiries were pushed aside or tip toed around.  His grandfather on the other hand was not ashamed of his past nor did he put away his nationalistic philosophies and opinions in the attic and throw away the key. But he was smart enough at the conclusion of World War II to know it might be unwise to be evangelistic about his beliefs. It could even be seen as his good fortune to have held positions of responsibility far away from the concentration camps so he did not suffer any repercussions from association with the brutal and sadistic treatment of prisoners and thus, avoided any implications of involvement in war crimes. He was a fanatical Nazi but his military service was in administration in Berlin and Prague during World War II.  He certainly had his hands bloodied in the 1920's and 1930's during Berlin's history of street violence but that's a far cry from participating in concentration camp atrocities.  Anyway, I have really enjoyed reading the book and admire the extent of research the author put into it and how he tied all of the information together to construct a fascinating biography of his grandfather. He did a masterful job of uncovering and solving a conspiracy, so to speak. A family conspiracy of silence and misdirection to hide the Nazi in their midst.

                               ANOTHER CONSPIRACY IS BORN (sort of)

So I'm inspired too. About the secret past of my grandfather, George Johnson King.  That's George on the far left of the group photograph below. I'm estimating the photo was taken around 1915 based on the fact that the young man in the center of the photo was my father, Charles George King, who was born in 1905 and looks to me to be about ten years old here. They are standing in front of guava trees, I presume at the citrus grove my grandfather and his father in law, William Sweet, owned and operated together in Lake County, Florida in the early 1900's. (William Sweet is the white bearded fellow with the cane in the photo).



And before we get too far along into this whole conspiracy thing I've got to admit that the issue of my grandfather's sort of secret past is nothing as dramatic as if he had been a Nazi or something.  At least I assume not. But you never know what kind of skeletons are going to fall out of the genealogy closet when you're doing family research. And although the cast of characters pictured here might look to be a little suspicious in a Bonnie & Clyde bank robbers kind of way I don't think anything sneaky was going on unless that fellow on the right was holding grenades to his chest  instead of just  his lapels. No, the sort of secret past I'm talking about  is mostly my own invention in that while my family might have appeared to be withholding information on my grandfather's life, it could just as easily be the fact that they were telling me but I wasn't listening. Or not listening closely and perhaps even misinterpreting what was said. Like many amateur genealogists (and probably professional ones as well) I regret not being able to go back in time to kick my immature and uninterested butt to wake up and listen to the stories my elders shared with me. But other than occasional blips of interest on my genealogy radar screen when something from days gone by might have tickled my attention, for the most part I wasted valuable and irretrievable opportunities to ask questions, write down a few notes, and fully appreciate my family history, not to mention document any of it. It never dawned on me until I retired that I just might get some enjoyment from knowing something about the lives of my ancestors.

But I digress. Here's the mystery. I had the impression that my father's father, George Johnson King, died when my father was around 12 years of age. My sister had the same impression. We apparently shared this time line interpretation from what our father told us. I remember when I was around 12 years old thinking what a sad thing that must have been for my father when he was my age. And at the same time being grateful my father was still with us. I do not recall my father telling me any stories about my grandfather except that he apparently once owned a grocery store. Nothing was said (or heard by me) of the cause of my grandfather's death. If there were any other details provided about George Johnson King I just don't recall.  Nor does my sister. So in retrospect it just seems as though our father was rather tight lipped about anything of his father's life.  At least around me and my sister. Thus for many years in my non-inquisitive ignorance I had a rough time line in my mind, knowing my father was born in 1905, that his father must have died around 1917, maybe give or take a year or so.

In 1971 just a few weeks before my father suffered a fatal heart attack, I visited him and my mother in Florida where they were vacationing near the town where my father was born and raised. I don't know what inspired him to do this but my father took us to the cemetery where his parents were buried. We looked at the grave markers for his parents which are flush-type granite ground markers engraved with their names and years of birth and death. I remember clearly that we parked on the road next to an old cemetery  in rural Lake County, just a small graveyard located at the top of a small rise surrounded by woods and citrus groves. The thing that glued itself to my brain was the fact that there were two cemeteries, one on the East side of the road where my grandparents were resting and another on the West side of the road where blacks were interred. That's all I remember about that visit forty years ago. No stories, if related, remain in my memory. No information or revelations about my grandparents stand out in my mind from that visit except that they were buried in a small rural segregated cemetery on a gentle slope shaded by large trees decorated with Spanish moss.



 

The photo above was taken at Yalaha Cemetery around 1995. It is the graveyard where my father's mother and father are buried. My wife and I looked for this cemetery on a Sunday afternoon with our initial area of search focusing on a town named Okahumpka. My father had always told me he was born and raised in Okahumpka so it seemed logical to start there. In retrospect I think my father's Okahumpka origins were designed to catch the interest of a young boy (me) because he knew it was a much more exciting name (and an Indian name at that!) than the name Bloomfield. He was born in Bloomfield which later changed it's name to Yalaha. Whatever the case, our search in Okahumpka came up empty. One last stab driving East out of Okahumpka on a two lane highway brought us to Yalaha and...KOWABUNGA!! (as perhaps the Okahumpka tribe might have exclaimed) there was the cemetery on the right hand side of the highway. We turned right onto a narrow road that ascended up a gentle slope where the Yalaha Cemetery stands looking exactly the same as it did in 1971. We recognized it instantly as one and the same graveyard my father had taken us to so many years prior. And after a short reconnaissance we found my grandparents' markers.

                                DOING THE MATH 

The grave markers stand side by side engraved with my grandparents' names and dates of birth and death. Both were born in 1864 with my grandmother passing away in 1944, a few months before I was born. George Johnson King preceded his wife in death almost twenty years earlier in 1923. My grandmother's date of death jived with my impressions of her passing before she ever got to know me. I recalled seeing photographs of her, an elderly woman always dressed in white, always wearing a hat, and obviously a widow posing alongside various relatives without her husband. Looking down again at George's marker seemed unsettling until I did the math...1923...1923...1923!!! Duh, 1923 minus 1905 meant our father was 18 years old when his father died. Not a young boy as we had believed but a young man. Moreover, I recalled that my father had gone to high school in Lakeland, Florida nearly 80 miles South of Yalaha in Polk County where he resided with an older sister and her family. So what's up with that?!? So my mental image of my father losing his dad while he was a shoeless kid playing in citrus groves and attending a one room school house down a dirt road in Bloomfield or Yalaha or whatever faded to a different mental photograph entirely. My father obviously lived apart from his father for a few years, enough time at least for him to attend and graduate from a high school a good distance away.  Why did he do that?  Why would a boy and his father be separated during the son's later teenage years and, more important to me while pondering this genealogical surprise, why wasn't any of this explained to me or my sister?  Was there a conspiracy of silence going on that our father employed to keep it all a secret?  Was there an illness or a behavioral issue involved that would have been swept under the rug (or hidden in a closet, so to speak)?  It just didn't make any sense to me that information might have been withheld about our grandfather.

I'm not a conspiracy fanatic. I trust the Warren Commission's findings, Obama's Hawaiian birth certificate, and scientific evidence of global warming. And the truth of the matter is I trust my father...still. I don't think he would hide anything from me unless he had a very good reason. So I don't believe he conspired to create a cover up of his separation from his father. But as an amateur genealogist trying to piece information together to get an accurate picture of my family history, I feel obligated to research this period of time to find out all I can about the last few years of George Johnson King's life. And to that end, my search goes on.



My Search for Medications - Confessions of a Wimp

I'm a little self conscious about writing about my aches and pains from rheumatoid arthritis. With the troops in Afghanistan taking heat for the Koran burnings, the tragedies from severe weather storms in the Midwest, and locally what seems like daily repetitions of senseless shootings in gas stations and neighborhood markets, my physical suffering really doesn't stack up too much on the Richter Scale of importance. But if you've ever had RA or known anybody that does, you surely understand how severe the pain can be. I've got it. At least my rheumatologist says I do. And I believe him because my upper body hurts like the devil. The good news is that the blood tests and xrays indicate there has been no joint or muscle damage.  So the search now is to try to find the right medication to reduce the pain to tolerable levels. The first three weeks of February were trial and error experiments with what are called NSAID drugs, which are nonsteroidal  anti-inflammatory drugs. Three weeks of torture. Some were immediately effective; the pain subsided dramatically in minutes after ingesting a tablet. But none lasted longer than a few hours. And none helped me get through the night with any sleep longer than 2 hrs in duration. Others were completely worthless. No affect at all other than to make me paranoid and suspect the doctor was slipping me placebos or something.  He's big into clinical trials which are supposed to be voluntary...there were moments when I thought he might have gotten me mixed up with his test subjects. But these suspicions only came up when I was hurting real bad.  Pain can mess with your mind, big time! 

In an office visit a week ago the doctor told me I had two choices. First to continue experimenting with NSAID drugs to find one that could relieve my pain. From what he sort of implied and from what I've read, this is the recommended course of treatment for first time RA patients. The second option was to go right into steroid based medications which he indicated would be low dose steroids with dramatic results. So what does dumb-ass yours truly choose?  You guessed it, "go ahead Doc, gimmee more of the NSAID's and I'll ride out this storm of agony until we reach the shores of milk and honey where there is no pain."
Why did I do that? I have no clue. Didn't want to be a wimp, I guess. Despite the fact that I AM I elected to go the standard recommended route. That was a Friday. By Saturday I couldn't dress myself, couldn't lift a sweat soaked pillow off the bed to replace with a fresh one, had to cut my scrambled eggs with a knife because it hurt too much to use a fork for anything but spearing the damn food. Getting socks off or on took a major league effort filled with grunts, groans, profanity, and accusations that God had abandoned me. 

Monday morning I was on the phone to the doctor's office telling them I changed my mind. Bring on the steroids, the more the better. They called my pharmacy to order and I picked up my first steroid drug that afternoon. Monday night was horrific but took the first dose Tuesday morning and relief was immediate. Problem is, like some of the NSAIDS it only lasted a few hours. Wednesday no better, Thursday I surrendered any pretensions of bravery and called again to ask them to beef the dosage up. OK, I'm a wimp but I'm 66 years old only weeks away from 67 and old men should not have to put up with this sort of thing. That's my philosophy. Started the increased dosage Friday afternoon, again this morning and now I can get through the day, not exactly pain free but pain more accurately described as aches and altogether tolerable. Nights not providing much sleep any better than before but pain has diminished and I'm grateful for that. At least I can brush my teeth in the morning without wishing I had traded them in for false teeth years ago.

We'll see how the rest of March goes before my next doctor visit. I got through typing this post without too much discomfort. Maybe I can get back to genealogy research again. That would be nice. And a much preferred category of searching than this quest for drugs has been. So, my searches go on.